RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cancer and side effects from cytostatic treatment commonly affect nutritional status manifested as a decrease in muscle mass. We aimed to investigate the impact of nutrition and lifestyle-related factors on muscle mass in patients with hematological cancer. METHODS: Dietary intake, food preferences, quality of life (QoL), and physical activity level (PAL) were monitored during 1-2 cytostatic treatment series. Body composition was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). RESULTS: 61 patients were included. Weight loss and loss of muscle mass were detected in 64% and 59% of the patients, respectively. Muscle mass was significantly positively correlated to increasing PAL (p = 0.003), while negatively correlated to increasing age (p = 0.03), physical QoL (p = 0.007), functional QoL (p = 0.05), self-perceived health (p = 0.004), and self-perceived QoL (p = 0.007). Weight was significantly positively correlated to increased intake of soft drinks (p = 0.02) as well as the favoring of bitter grain and cereal products (p = 0.03), while negatively correlated to increasing age (p = 0.03) and increasing meat intake (p = 0.009) Conclusions: Several nutritional and lifestyle-related factors affected change in body composition. The clinical significance of these changes should be investigated in controlled, interventional studies.
Assuntos
Citostáticos , Neoplasias Hematológicas , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Estado Nutricional , Atrofia Muscular , Estilo de Vida , Neoplasias Hematológicas/complicações , Grão ComestívelRESUMO
Osteoporosis and resulting fractures are very common medical issues seen in the rapidly growing older population. Adverse outcomes of osteoporosis complicated by fracture include increased mortality, functional decline, an increased requirement for long-term care services, decreased satisfaction with quality of life, and excess utilization of healthcare resources. Gynecologists frequently evaluate older women and should develop expertise in the prevention, diagnosis, and management of these common disorders. This chapter provides an overview of this important topic.
Assuntos
Fraturas Ósseas/prevenção & controle , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa , Acidentes por Quedas/prevenção & controle , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Algoritmos , Feminino , Fraturas Ósseas/etiologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/etiologia , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/fisiopatologia , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/terapia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are often prescribed to treat osteoarthritis. Two cyclooxygenase isoenzymes prompted the development selective COX-2 inhibitors. The development, efficacy, and toxicity of COX-2 inhibitor treatment of osteoarthritis are summarized.
